Karol Wojtyla y Eugenio Pacelli camino a la Beatificacion

Regalo de Pascua
de Diego Pool El Payaso JAPO
Juam Pablo II
el papa del pueblo....sencillo
Autoriza publicación de decretos sobre sus virtudes
Benedicto XVI abre camino a beatificación de Juan Pablo II y Pío XII
Comentarios: 13

Papas del Siglo XX
El ultimo requisito para la beatificacion de Pio XII y Juan Pablo II
es un MILAGRO. Las virtudes y logros que en vida Pio XII y
Juan Pablo II a mi entender no necesitan tan requisito. En espera
de dos milagros , pero felices del decreto......La beatificacion es
para nosotros mas importante que un Oscar, un Nobel o un Prin-
cipe de Asturias........

VATICANO, 19 Dic. 09 / 07:31 am (ACI)

En un "magnífico" regalo por Navidad para millones de católicos, el Papa Benedicto XVI ha firmado y autorizado la promulgación de los decretos que reconocen las virtudes Juan Pablo II y Pío XII, abriendo su camino hacia la beatificación. Para que sean beatos, solo falta del reconocimiento oficial de un milagro obrado por su intercesión.

En la extensa relación de nuevos beatos y venerables dada a conocer esta mañana por la Oficina de Prensa de la Santa Sede, se precisa que el Santo Padre ha autorizado a la Congregación para las Causas de los Santos, la promulgación, entre otros, de los decretos referentes a:

"Las virtudes heroicas del Siervo de Dios Pío XII (Eugenio Pacelli) Sumo Pontífice, nacido en Roma el 2 de marzo de 1876 y muerto en Castelgandolfo el 9 de octubre de 1958".

Asimismo, "las virtudes heroicas del Siervo de Dios Juan Pablo II (Karol Wojtyla) nacido el 18 de mayo de 1920 en Wadowice (Polonia) y muerto en Roma el de abril de 2005".

Con la firma de estos decretos, lo que hace falta para la beatificación de ambos pontífices es el reconocimiento oficial por parte de la Congregación para las Causas de los Santos de un milagro obrado por su intercesión.

Karol Woytyla

Main article: Early life of Pope John Paul II


Emilia and Karol Wojtyla Sr. wedding portrait


Family home of the Wojtyłas in Wadowice


Courtyard within the family home
Karol Józef Wojtyła (Anglicized: Charles Joseph Wojtyla) was born in the Polish town of Wadowice[1][11][22] and was the youngest of three children of Karol Wojtyła, an ethnic Pole,[23] and Emilia Kaczorowska, who was of Lithuanian ancestry.[22][23] His mother died on 13 April 1929,[24] when he was eight years old.[25] Karol's elder sister, Olga, had died in infancy before his birth, thus, Karol grew close to his brother Edmund, who was 14 years his senior, and whom he nicknamed ‘Mundek’. However, Edmund's work as a physician led to his contraction and death of scarlet fever, profoundly affecting Karol.[23][25]
As a youth, Wojtyła was an athlete and often played football (soccer) as a goalkeeper; he was also a supporter of Polish club Cracovia Kraków.[26][27] His formative years were influenced by numerous contacts with the vibrant and prospering Jewish community of Wadowice. School football games were often organised between teams of Jews and Catholics, and Wojtyła would voluntarily offer himself as a substitute goalkeeper on the Jewish side if they were short of players.[23][28][29]
In the summer of 1938, Karol Wojtyła and his father left Wadowice and moved to Kraków, where he enrolled at the Jagiellonian University. While studying such topics as philology and various languages at the University, he worked as a volunteer librarian and was forced to do compulsory military training in the Academic Legion, but he refused to hold or fire a weapon. He also performed with various theatrical groups and worked as a playwright.[30] During this time, his talent for language blossomed and he learned as many as 12 foreign languages, nine of which he later used extensively as Pope.[11]
In 1939, Nazi German occupation forces closed the Jagiellonian University after the invasion of Poland.[11] All able-bodied males were required to work, and, from 1940 to 1944, Wojtyła variously worked as a messenger for a restaurant, a manual labourer in a limestone quarry, and for the Solvay chemical factory to avoid being deported to Germany.[22][30] His father, a non-commissioned army officer, died of a heart attack in 1941, leaving Karol the sole surviving member of his immediate family.[23][24][31] “I was not at my mother's death, I was not at my brother's death, I was not at my father's death,” he said, reflecting on these times of his life, nearly forty years later, “At twenty, I had already lost all the people I loved.”[31]


Karol Wojtyła at 12 years old
He later stated that he began thinking seriously about the priesthood after his father's death, and that his vocation gradually became ‘an inner fact of unquestionable and absolute clarity.’[32] In October 1942, increasingly aware of his calling to the priesthood, he knocked on the door of the Archbishops Palace in Kraków, and declared that he wanted to study for the priesthood.[32] Soon after, he began courses in the clandestine underground seminary run by the Archbishop of Kraków, Adam Stefan Cardinal Sapieha.
On 29 February 1944, Wojtyła was knocked down by a German truck. Unexpectedly, the German Wehrmacht officers tended to him and sent him to a hospital. He spent two weeks there recovering from a severe concussion and a shoulder injury. This accident and his survival seemed to Wojtyła a confirmation of his priestly vocation. On 6 August 1944, ‘Black Sunday’,[33] the Gestapo rounded up young men in Kraków to avoid an uprising similar[33] to the previous uprising in Warsaw.[34][35] Wojtyła escaped by hiding in the basement of his uncle's home at 10 Tyniets Street, while German troops searched upstairs.[32][34][35] More than eight thousand men and boys were taken into custody that day, but Karol escaped to the Archbishop's Palace,[32][33][34] where he remained in hiding until after the Germans left.[23][32][36]
On the night of 17 January 1945, the Germans fled the city, and the students reclaimed the ruined seminary. Wojtyła and another seminarian volunteered for the unenviable task of clearing away piles of frozen excrement from the lavatories.[37] That month, Wojtyła personally aided a 14-year-old Jewish refugee girl named Edith Zierer[38] who had run away from a Nazi labour camp in Częstochowa.[38] After her collapse on a railway platform, Wojtyła carried her to a train and accompanied her safely to Kraków. Zierer credits Wojtyła with saving her life that day.[39][40][41] B'nai B'rith and other authorities have said that Wojtyla helped protect many other Polish Jews from the Nazis.
[edit]Priesthood


Karol Wojtyła as a priest in Niegowić, Poland, 1948
On completion of his studies at the seminary in Kraków, Karol Wojtyła was ordained as a priest on All Saints' Day, 1 November 1946,[24] by the Archbishop of Kraków, Cardinal Sapieha.[22][42][43] He was then sent to study theology in Rome, at the Pontifical International Athenaeum Angelicum,[42][43] where he earned a licentiate and later a doctorate in sacred theology.[11] This doctorate, the first of two, was based on the Latin dissertation The Doctrine of Faith According to Saint John of the Cross.
He returned to Poland in the summer of 1948 with his first pastoral assignment in the village of Niegowić, fifteen miles from Kraków. Arriving at Niegowić during harvest time, his first action was to kneel down and kiss the ground.[44] This gesture, adapted from French saint Jean Marie Baptiste Vianney,[44] would become one of his ‘trademarks’ during his Papacy.


Pontifical International Athenaeum Angelicum in Rome.
In March 1949, he was transferred to the parish of Saint Florian in Kraków. He taught ethics at the Jagiellonian University there and subsequently at the Catholic University of Lublin. While teaching, Wojtyła gathered a group of about 20 young people, who began to call themselves Rodzinka, the "little family". They met for prayer, philosophical discussion, and helping the blind and sick. The group eventually grew to approximately 200 participants, and their activities expanded to include annual skiing and kayaking trips.[14]
In 1954 he earned a second doctorate, in philosophy,[45] evaluating the feasibility of a Catholic ethic based on the ethical system of phenomenologist Max Scheler. However, the Communist authorities' intervention prevented his receiving the degree until 1957.[43]
During this period, Wojtyła wrote a series of articles in Kraków's Catholic newspaper Tygodnik Powszechny ("Universal Weekly") dealing with contemporary church issues.[46] He also focused on creating original literary work during his first dozen years as a priest. War, life under communism, and his pastoral responsibilities all fed his poetry and plays. However, he published his work under two pseudonyms – Andrzej Jawień and Stanisław Andrzej Gruda[30][46][47] – to distinguish his literary from his religious writings (which were published under his own name) and also so that his literary works would be considered on their own merits.[30][46][47] In 1960, Wojtyła published the influential theological book Love and Responsibility, a defence of the traditional Church teachings on marriage from a new philosophical standpoint.[30][48]
[edit]Bishop and cardinal
On 4 July 1958,[43] while Wojtyła was on a kayaking vacation in the lakes region of northern Poland, he was appointed to the position of auxiliary bishop of Kraków by Pope Pius XII. He was then summoned to Warsaw, to meet the Primate of Poland, Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski, who informed him of the appointment.[49][50] He agreed to serve as auxiliary to Archbishop Eugeniusz Baziak, and he was ordained to the Episcopate on 28 September 1958.[43] At the age of 38, he was the youngest bishop in Poland. Baziak died in June 1962 and on 16 July Karol Wojtyła was selected as Vicar Capitular, or temporary administrator, of the Archdiocese until an Archbishop could be appointed.[11][22]
Beginning in October 1962, Bishop Wojtyła took part in the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965),[1][11][22][43] where he made contributions to two of the most historic and influential products of the council, the Decree on Religious Freedom (in Latin, Dignitatis Humanae) and the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World (Gaudium et Spes).[43]
Bishop Wojtyła also participated in all of the assemblies of the Synod of Bishops.[11][22] On 13 January 1964, Pope Paul VI appointed him Archbishop of Kraków.[51] On 26 June 1967, Paul VI announced Archbishop Wojtyła's promotion to the Sacred College of Cardinals.[1][43][51]
In 1967, he was instrumental in formulating the encyclical Humanae Vitae, which deals with the same issues that forbid abortion and artificial birth control.[1][7][43][52]
[edit]Election to the Papacy
Main article: Papal conclave, October 1978


Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II with the Marian Cross. The Letter M is for Mary, the mother of Jesus, to whom he held strong devotion
Papal styles of
Pope John Paul II

Reference style His Holiness
Spoken style Your Holiness
Religious style Holy Father
Posthumous style Venerable
In August 1978 following the death of Pope Paul VI, Cardinal Wojtyła voted in the Papal conclave that elected Pope John Paul I, who at 65 was considered young by papal standards. However, John Paul I died after only 33 days as Pope, thereby precipitating another conclave.[22][43][53]
The conclave commenced on 14 October, ten days after the funeral of Pope John Paul I. It was divided between two particularly strong candidates for the papacy: Giuseppe Cardinal Siri, the conservative Archbishop of Genoa, and the liberal Archbishop of Florence, Giovanni Cardinal Benelli, a close associate of John Paul I.[54]
Supporters of Benelli were confident that he would be elected, and in early ballots, Benelli came within nine votes of election.[54] However, the scale of opposition to both men meant that neither was likely to receive the votes needed for election, and Franz Cardinal König, Archbishop of Vienna, individually suggested to his fellow electors a compromise candidate: the Polish Cardinal, Karol Józef Wojtyła.[54] Wojtyła ultimately won the election on the eighth ballot on the second day with, according to the Italian press, 99 votes from the 111 participating electors. He subsequently chose the name John Paul II[43][54] and the traditional white smoke informed the crowd gathered in St Peter's Square that a pope had been chosen.[53] He accepted his election with these words: ‘With obedience in faith to Christ, my Lord, and with trust in the Mother of Christ and the Church, in spite of great difficulties, I accept.’[55][56] When the new pontiff himself appeared on the balcony, he broke tradition by addressing the gathered crowd:[55]
“ “Dear brothers and sisters, we are saddened at the death of our beloved Pope John Paul I, and so the cardinals have called for a new bishop of Rome. They called him from a faraway land - far and yet always close because of our communion in faith and Christian traditions. I was afraid to accept that responsibility, yet I do so in a spirit of obedience to the Lord and total faithfulness to Mary, our most Holy Mother. I am speaking to you in your - no, our Italian language. If I make a mistake, please [sic] ‘corrict’ me...″[4][55] ”
Wojtyła became the 264th Pope according to the chronological list of popes. At only 58 years of age, he was the youngest pope elected since Pope Pius IX in 1846, who was 54.[43] Like his immediate predecessor, Pope John Paul II dispensed with the traditional Papal coronation and instead received ecclesiastical investiture with the simplified Papal inauguration on 22 October 1978. During his inauguration, when the cardinals were to kneel before him to take their vows and kiss his ring, he stood up as the Polish prelate Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński knelt down, stopped him from kissing the ring, and hugged him.[57]
[edit]Life's work


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[edit]Title "the Great"


Since the death of John Paul II, a number of clergy at the Vatican and laymen throughout the world[1][2][3] have been referring to the late pontiff as "John Paul the Great"—only the fourth pope to be so acclaimed, and the first since the first millennium.[1][2][4][5] Scholars of Canon Law say that there is no official process for declaring a pope "Great"; the title simply establishes itself through popular and continued usage.[3][6][7] The three popes who today commonly are known as "Great" are: Leo I, who reigned from 440–461 and persuaded Attila the Hun to withdraw from Rome; Gregory I, 590–604, after whom the Gregorian Chant is named; and Pope Nicholas I, 858-867.[2]
His successor, Pope Benedict XVI, referred to him as "the great Pope John Paul II" in his first address[8] from the loggia of St Peter's Church, and he referred to Pope John Paul II as "the Great" in his published written homily for the Mass of Repose.[9]
Since giving his homily at the funeral of Pope John Paul, Pope Benedict XVI has continued to refer to John Paul II as "the Great." At the 2005 World Youth Day in Germany, Pope Benedict XVI, speaking in Polish, John Paul's native language, said, “As the great Pope John Paul II would say: keep the flame of faith alive in your lives and your people.” In May 2006, Pope Benedict XVI visited John Paul's native Poland. During that visit he repeatedly made references to “the great John Paul” and “my great predecessor”.
In addition to the Vatican calling him "the great," numerous newspapers have also done so. For example the Italian newspaper Corriere della Sera called him "the Greatest" and the South African Catholic newspaper, The Southern Cross, has called him "John Paul II The Great."
[edit]Titles
John Paul II's official title was: ‘Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of Saint Peter, Head of the College of Bishops, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City, Servus Servorum Dei, Pope John Paul II.’[10] In 2006 the title Patriarch of the West was removed from the papal list of titles by the reigning pope, Benedict XVI.
[edit]Beatification
On 9 May 2005, Benedict XVI began the beatification process for his predecessor. Normally five years must pass after a person's death before the beatification process can begin. However, in an audience with Pope Benedict XVI, Camillo Ruini, Vicar General of the Diocese of Rome and the one responsible for promoting the cause for canonisation of any person who dies within that diocese, cited "exceptional circumstances" which suggested that the waiting period could be waived.[3]
The "exceptional circumstances" may possibly refer to the people's cries of "Santo Subito!" ("Make him a Saint Now!" in Italian) during the late pontiff's funeral.[3][11][12][13] Therefore the new Pope waived the five year rule "so that the cause of Beatification and Canonisation of the same Servant of God can begin immediately."[14] The decision was announced on 13 May 2005, the Feast of Our Lady of Fátima and the 24th anniversary of the assassination attempt on John Paul II at St. Peter's Square.[15] John Paul II often credited Our Lady of Fátima for preserving him on that day. Cardinal Camillo Ruini, vicar general for the diocese of Rome, officially opened the cause for beatification in the Lateran Basilica on 28 June 2005.[10][16][17][18]
In early 2006, it was reported that the Vatican was investigating a possible miracle associated with John Paul II. A French nun, confined to her bed by Parkinson's Disease, is reported to have experienced a "complete and lasting cure after members of her community prayed for the intercession of Pope John Paul II".[3][19][20] The nun was later identified as Sister Marie-Simon-Pierre, a member of the Congregation of Little Sisters of Catholic Maternity Wards from Puyricard, near Aix-en-Provence.[21] Sister Marie-Simon-Pierre, 46, is working again, now in Paris at a maternity hospital run by her order.[22] She met reporters 30 March 2006 in Aix-en-Provence during a press conference with Archbishop Claude Feidt of Aix, the archdiocese where the cure took place.[23][24]
“I was sick and now I am cured,” she told reporters. “I am cured, but it is up to the church to say whether it was a miracle or not.”[23]
On 28 May 2006, Pope Benedict XVI said Mass before an estimated 900,000 people in John Paul II's native Poland. During his homily he encouraged prayers for the early canonisation of John Paul II and stated that he hoped canonisation would happen "in the near future."
In January 2007, it was announced by Stanisław Cardinal Dziwisz of Kraków, his former secretary, that the key interviewing phase in Italy and Poland of the beatification process was nearing completion.[3][25] Cardinal Dziwisz had been giving an interview that featured the introduction of his new book in Polish and Italian, Living With Karol, when he made the announcement. In February 2007, the website of the late pope's sainthood cause has stated that relics of Pope John Paul II — pieces of white papal cassocks he used to wear — were being freely distributed with prayer cards for the cause to interested parties; this distribution and prayerful use of relics is a typical praiseworthy pious practice after a saintly Catholic's death.[26]
On 8 March 2007 the Vicariate of Rome announced that the diocesan phase of John Paul's cause for beatification is at an end. Following a ceremony on 2 April 2007 — the second anniversary of the Pontiff's death — the cause proceeded to the scrutiny of the committee of lay, clerical, and episcopal members of the Vatican's Congregation for the Causes of Saints, who will conduct an investigation of their own.[12][25] On the fourth anniversary of Pope John Paul's death, 2 April 2009, Cardinal Dziwisz, told reporters of a presumed miracle that had recently occurred at the former pope's tomb in St. Peter's Basilica.[23][27][28][29][30][31][32] A nine year-old Polish boy from Gdańsk, who was suffering from kidney cancer and was completely unable to walk, had been visiting the tomb with his parents. On leaving St. Peter's basilica, the boy told them, "I want to walk," and began walking normally.[23][27][28][29][30][31][32]
In October 2009, Rome's mayor Gianni Alemanno said that the beatification, likely to draw huge crowds, was expected to take place in 2010, but on 4 November 2009 Monsignor Slawomir Oder, postulator of the cause of beatification, said that it was not yet known when study of the case could be concluded.[33]
On 16 November 2009, a panel of reviewers at the Congregation for the Causes of Saints voted unanimously that Pope John Paul II had lived a life of virtue.[34][35] If Pope Benedict XVI agrees, he will sign the first of two decrees needed for beatification. The first recognises that he lived a heroic, virtuous life and enables him to be called "Venerable", the next step in the sainthood process.[34][35] That decree was signed by Pope Benedict XVI on Saturday, December 19, 2009.[36]The second vote and the second signed decree would recognise the authenticity of his first miracle (most likely, the case of Sister Marie-Simon-Pierre, the French nun who was cured of Parkinson's Disease). Once the second decree is signed, the ‘positio′ (the report on the cause, with documentation about his life and his writings and with information on the cause) is regarded as being complete.[35] He can then be beatified.

Para una completa biografia de datos
del Papa Pablo II
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II